Particular population or society Essay Example for Free

Particular population or society Essay While people consider themselves unique individuals in terms of their personality, habits, opinions, attitudes personal quirks, there are many habits, beliefs and attitudes that are common to most people, especially those living a society. The culmination of language, religious beliefs, music, food preference, works habits, etc. of a particular population or society is known as its culture (Ember and Ember, 1993, p. 6). Culture is unique for every society or social group that sometimes what some would consider taboo like eating dog meat is actually part of another society’s customs. In theory, everyone should be open to other society’s culture but in reality, that does not happen often. An individual who gauges others culture is said to be an ethnocentric (p. 159). The attitude is termed ethnocentrism . This denotes that the person has difficulty criticizing his/ her own customs and traditions precisely because his/her vision is limited to his/her owns. Ethnocentrism does not only affect the individual’s view on other persons but influences the society as well. Watching a foreign film is one way to measure if one is open to other cultural experiences. I Not Stupid is a Singaporean film tackling the intertwined lives of three primary school classmates: Terry, Kok Pin and Boon Hock (Leong, Yin and Neo, 2002). It offers a glimpse of many facets of Singaporean culture: the education system that looks down on students in the bottom (the three are in EM3, which ranks lowest), the Chinese self-loathing (in a class, one character says she wants to be Caucasian when she grows up so she does not have to speak Chinese), the high regard for English (one mother speaks English to her children, another one stresses that in order to succeed in Singapore, one must be a master at English and Math), and Caucasian (a Caucasian was hired as director even though it was clearly evident that the local staff are more knowledgeable, equipped and deserving of the position; there is even a scene when the Singaporean boss approves the Caucasian’s concept even though it was the same concept presented by the locals, which he vehemently rejected), and the over obedience Singaporeans are known for (2002). The Singaporeans’ affair with Ba gua, or Chinese Pork Barbecue as well as their reliance on gods and goddesses to grant their favors is also shown in the film. Such rituals, as evinced in the film, may be common in Singapore but a North American, especially an ethnocentric, may find it peculiar or even distasteful. It must also be stressed that Singapore has a close relation with China so some of China’s cultural beliefs and customs are integrated into Singapore. The film is sprinkled in Chinese, English and Singlish, short for Singaporean English. Colonial mentality may be picked up from the film, judging the characters’ high regard for Westerners. The existence of Singlish is also a sign that Singaporeans, albeit already successful and one of the most economically driven countries in Asia, still feel the need to level on some ways with the Western countries, which this writer finds interesting. Imagine, in North America, there are students eager to learn other languages while in Singapore and other countries where there are other main languages aside from English, they already have the advantage of learning another language easily. Again, this is ethnocentrism at work. Another glaring cultural element that is shown in the film is Singaporean’s deference to power. Terry, one of the main characters, cannot stands on his own and always follows his mother. This is supposedly a jibe at Singaporeans’ compliant nature. If a similar event happened in North American, the kid is likely to fight back. But then again, this is Singapore and as said by one character, â€Å"It is difficult to catch fish in Singapore, because fish in Singapore are like Singaporeans, they’ll never open their mouths† (Leong, Yin and Neo, 2002). Ethnocentric thinking causes people to misunderstand other society’s culture and at the same it keeps them for understanding their own. The film I not Stupid is a satirical comedy carping on some of the country’s modern culture. Perhaps the producers are also ethnocentric but regardless of it, the film provides a peek at Singapore’s norms and values, which in essence is simply the country’s way of life. References Ember, C. and Ember, M. (1993). Anthropology 7th ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Leong, D. and Yin, C. P. (Producers), and Neo, J. (Director). (2002). I not stupid [VCD]. Singapore: United International Pictures.

5 Concepts Associated With Nutritional Health Health Essay

5 Concepts Associated With Nutritional Health Health Essay This is the type of malnutrition where there are more nutrients than are required for normal growth in a persons body. Thus, with the person taking in over nutrients, this means that he/she will be more likely to become overweight the fact that the foods that this person takes in are highly in caloric content. Over weight This is the enhanced body weight of the person in relation to his/ her weight. Hence, with the person being overweight, this means that this person is most likely to get coronary heart disease, stroke, and gall bladder disease and pregnancy complications. Therefore, a person to lower the risk of getting health problems due to being overweight, the person needs to make sure that he/she loses weight by doing regular exercise and eating healthy. obesity This is when a person has extremely high amount of body fat that is unhealthy. For that reason, with the person being obese, this person is also most likely to have serious medical conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, cancer, breathing problems, heart disease and stroke. Body mass index This calculates an individuals weight in relation to their height. It is very important that a person carries out BMI as he/she will be able to know whether he is overweight or not. Dietary reference values This gets to record the recommended nutritional intakes for UK population. Withal, the dietary reference values help to calculate approximately the amount of energy and nutrients needed by different groups of healthy people in UK population. P2 Describe the characteristics of nutrients and their benefits to the body. The kinds of nutrients which can be found in the persons body, these include of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, fibre, vitamins and minerals. Carbohydrates The characteristics of carbohydrates are that there are two different types of carbohydrates and these are monosaccharide and polysaccharide. Monosaccharide these are simple carbohydrates composed of one sugar molecule such as glucose and fructose. Whilst, polysaccharide these are carbohydrates made up of a long chain of simple sugar molecules that are joined together. The examples of polysaccharide carbohydrates these can be starch and cellulose. The benefits of carbohydrates to the persons body, they help to provide energy. Hence, this energy has to be broken down into glucose before cells can use it. In addition, carbohydrates are the bodys main source of fuel because when the person takes the right carbohydrates, this means that the persons body systems and organs will be able to function properly. The foods that can be found in Carbohydrates can be as such as whole grain cereals, fruits, beans, vegetables and dairy products. Proteins When it comes to the characteristics of proteins, these are large, complex molecules that have a variety of functions in the body and are essential to good health. There are two types of proteins and these are amino acids and peptides. The amino acids these are building blocks of the bodys proteins. Hence, some amino acids are produced by a persons body and other amino acids come from a persons diet. On the other hand, peptides these are two or more amino acids that are connected together. Hence, the proteins are made up multiple peptides. However, the benefits of proteins to the body, proteins help to build and repair tissues in the body. In addition, the proteins help to also make haemoglobin which is the part of the red blood cells that carry oxygen to all the parts of the body, make enzymes, hormones and also act as the building block of bones, muscles and blood. Lastly the examples of food that is highly in proteins this can be as such as diary products, meat, chicken, fish, beans, nuts and seeds. Fats Fat consist of saturated fat and unsaturated fats. The saturated fat can be as such as butter and cheese whilst unsaturated fat can be olive oil and sunflower oil. The benefits of fats to the body, is that the body needs fats to work properly by protecting the organs. The fats also help to provide energy in the form of calories, to absorb certain vitamins, to produce cell membranes, enzymes, neurotransmitters and lastly to produce hormones. The examples of foods that can be found in fats, these are eggs, butter, dairy products, margarine, cheese, olive oil, fatty beef and fish. Therefore, a person having food that contains fats, these foods will help to play a vital role in their body. Fibre The main function of fibre is to keep the digestive system healthy and also to function properly. Hence, fibre it helps to speed up excretion of waste and toxins from the body. However, it is advised that if a person is going to increase the amount of fibre in his/her diet, he should drink high levels of water so that the fibre can get absorbed. As a result, this will avoid a person from being constipated. The characteristics of fibre is that all the food that are rich in fibre such as fruits, wholemeal bread, porridge and cereals can fill up someone very quickly thus this will prevent someone from overeating. Additionally, the foods that are also rich in fibre are low in fat and calories as well as they slow down the digestion so they would not make a person to put on weight. Vitamins These are organic compound required as a nutrient in tiny amounts by an organism. A person taking the right vitamins through their diet, the vitamins will help them to maintain a healthy body and normal growth. The vitamins also help to serve vital functions in body processes such as the immune and nervous system. Therefore, its essential that a person takes food that is rich in vitamins. Nevertheless, the characteristics of vitamins is that every vitamin has a special role to play within the body that they help to regulate the processes such as cell growth and repair, reproduction and digestion. Furthermore, they are two types of vitamins and these are water soluble vitamins and fat soluble vitamins. When it comes to water soluble vitamins, these include of vitamin B1, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, vitamin C, vitamin B2. The water soluble vitamins might be as such as grains, fruits, vegetables, meat, eggs, nuts and milk. However, when it comes to fat soluble vitamins these consist of vitamins A, D, E and K hence these vitamins are stored in liver and fatty tissues. The food that can be found in these fat soluble vitamins can be such as vegetables cheese, whole milk, fish oil, and egg York. Minerals Its very essential that a person takes minerals in his/her diet. This is because these minerals help to control body fluids inside and outside the cells. The minerals also build strong bones and teeth as well as turn the food into energy. Withal, the most important minerals are iron, potassium, sodium and calcium thus these minerals can be found in foods such as cereals, meat, fish, vegetables and fruits. M1 Discuss similarities and differences in the nutritional and energy requirements of two groups of individuals. The two groups of individuals that I have decided to pick is the teenage girl that is 16 years old and of a pregnant woman. The differences between the teenage girl and a pregnant woman, when it comes to their nutritional and energy requirements is that the girl who is 16years of age needs to have 1800 calories per day whilst a pregnant woman needs to have 350 calories per day. In addition, the teenage girl needs these calories as shes stilling growing up and developing. For that reason, it is advised that this teenager needs to make sure that she understands her nutritional and caloric intake needs, as this will affect her physically in terms of being healthy. It will also prevent her from being at risk of getting healthy problems such as becoming overweight is shes taking in a lot of calories that she shouldnt . However, when it comes to a pregnant woman she needs fewer calories compared to a teenager as she needs to maintain her pregnancy weight as well as keep her energy up. Withal, the pregnant woman needs to make sure that she eats well during her pregnancy and also choose high quality food that is rich in baby building nutrients. Thus, with the pregnant woman eating healthy food, this will affect her unborn child physically that by the time she gets to give birth, her baby will look healthy. All the same, when it comes to the similarities between the teenager and the pregnant woman is that they both need to take in the right calories as this will affect them physically in terms of their health. With the teenager and the pregnant woman taking in the right nutrients they will be unlikely to be at risk of getting health problems such as becoming overweight, getting heart disease, high blood pressure or diabetes. Additionally, both the teenager and pregnant woman also need to eat the right food which is rich in all the nutrients. For instance the nutrients can be as such carbohydrates and fats hence these nutrients will help provide the teenager and the pregnant woman with energy. The foods can be such as whole grain cereals, fruits, beans, vegetables and dairy products. However, with the teenager and the pregnant woman eating these foods they will have to make sure that they do some physical activity such as going to the gym, taking a walk so that they could maintain their weight as well avoid getting healthy problems. When it comes to the differences between the teenager and a pregnant woman is that the teenager needs to limit her intake of solid fats like butter whereby she gets to avoid the chance of getting health problems which might affect her physically. Therefore, the daily recommended amount of oils that a girl who is 16 years old should be taking is 5 tea spoons. On the other hand, when it comes to a pregnant woman, she needs to take omega 3 which can be found from fats such as tuna and salmon. As a result, with the pregnant woman taking the omega 3, this will help her fetus to develop as it uses much of the fatty oils in a womans system. TASK 2 P3 Using a table, explain six possible influences on dietary intake. DIETARY INTAKE EXPLANATION Lifestyles The lifestyle can be a very vital influence on the dietary intake of a person depending on how the person lives such as being wealthy or poor. Religion Religion can influence on the dietary intake of a person the fact that some religions are not allowed to eat certain foods. Culture Culture can influence on dietary intake on someones choice of food and the way the person prepares the food. Finance This is essential influence on the dietary intake of a person. For instance if the person has got no problem with money, this means that this person will be more likely to provide him/herself with the foods that are rich in nutrients hence, this will affect him physically. Diet Diet is a vital influence on the dietary intake the fact that with the person taking the right diet, he will be unlikely to be at risk of getting health problems. Personal influence The person having a personal influence this will influence on the dietary intake of this person. For instance, with the person knowing that having the right diet is good for his health, he will be most likely to keep on having the right foods that are found in the basic nutrients. M2 Select three influences on dietary intake from P3 and assess how they may affect the nutritional health of individuals. Religion Religion can affect the nutritional health of the individual the fact that some religions are not allowed to eat certain foods. Therefore, some of these foods that the people are not allowed to eat might be rich in nutrients. For example, the Buddhists are not allowed to eat meat and meat is one of the foods that are rich in proteins and vitamins. Withal, with the person not eating the food that is rich in proteins and vitamins, this will affect this individual physically the fact that the proteins help to build and repair tissues in the body. In addition, the proteins also help make haemoglobin which is the part of the red blood cells that carry oxygen to all the parts of the body, the proteins also make enzyme and hormones. When it comes to vitamins, these will also help to regulate the processes such as cell growth and repair, reproduction and digestion of an individual. Therefore, if this individual that is a Buddhist isnt allowed to have meat, then he has to make sure that he at least eats other foods which are rich in vitamins and proteins as this will affect his health physically. Diet Diet may affect the nutritional health of an individual if the person maintains what he/she eats and this is by making sure that this individual eats the right calories that are recommended. Moreover, the person knowing the nutrients and what foods are found in the nutrients, this means that this person will be able to have a healthy diet. However, if the person doesnt know the foods that are found in the nutrients, theres a chance that this persons health will be at risk despite of the fact he/she will be eating unhealthy food. As a result, this person will be most likely to get health problems such as heart disease/stroke, high blood pressure, diabetes and also become overweight. Lifestyle The lifestyle may affect the nutritional health of an individual depending on how they live. For instance, if the person is wealthy that means he/she will be able to provide himself with the basic food which is rich in nutrients. Whilst a person, that might be poor he/ she might find it very difficult to manage to get the food that is rich in nutrients. As a result, with the person not taking the right food that is rich or less in nutrients; this means that this person is more likely to get health problems such as malnutrition. Furthermore, the life style will also affect the nutritional health of an individual depending on what kind of habits that the individual has. For example, if the individual loves to eat a lot of junk food, its more likely that this will affect his health physically, whereby this individual will become overweight as well get health problems such as diabetes. For that reason, the individual not to be at risk of getting healthy problems, he/she will have to eat the food that is rich in nutrients so that he can be healthy. D1 Make realistic recommendations for minimizing negative influences on individuals in a specific health and social care setting. The health and social care setting that I decided to use is a school thus the recommendations that could minimise the negative influences these can be as such as introducing children to new healthy foods, stopping children from going out for lunch, children making health poster, children having packed lunch wit healthy snacks. Introducing children to new healthy foods Its very important that the school introduces children to new healthy foods as this will affect the childrens health physically. As a result, with the children being introduced to healthy foods, they will be less likely to be at risk of getting healthy problems such as becoming overweight or obese. Moreover, the healthy foods could be as such as healthy snacks which might include of fruits and nuts thus, with the children knowing the good healthy snacks this will help the children to take in the right healthy snacks that will be rich in minerals and vitamins. Withal, vitamins help to maintain a healthy and normal growth and minerals help to control body fluids inside and outside the cells as well as also build strong bones and teeth. For that reason, its recommended that the schools should introduce children to healthy foods as this will help to minimise negative influences ion individuals. Stopping children from going out for lunch The school should make sure that they stop children from going out for lunch the fact that if the children go out for lunch, this means that theres a high possibility that these children will be buying junk food. With the children buying junk food, this will be mostly to affect their health physically despite of the fact that junk food is not healthy. Thus, the children will be at risk of having health problems that they will become overweight /obese, have breathing problems and also become diabetic. Consequently, its very crucial that the school does not allow children to go out for lunch; therefore it is recommended that the schools should provide children with lunch meals that are rich in healthy nutrients as this will help to minimise the negative influences on individuals. Children making health poster With the children making health posters, this will be an effective way of minimising negative influences on individuals. This is because, with the children making health posters, the other children will be mostly to know and understand the benefits of having healthy food and what sorts of food are rich in nutrients. Withal, the children understanding the nutrients and having healthy food, this will be very advantageous to their health as they will be less likely to get any healthy problems. For that reason, its recommended that schools should try and make health posters for the children as this will affect the childrens health physically in terms of having normal growth and development. Children having packed lunch with healthy snacks With the children having packed lunch with healthy snacks, this will help to minimise the negative influences on the individuals. This is because with a child having a packed lunch that is rich in nutrients as well as with healthy snacks such as fruits; this will make a child to have a balanced diet. Hence, with a child having a balanced diet, its less likely for the child to become ill. For example, if the child takes healthy snacks this means that these snacks are rich in vitamins and minerals thus these nutrients help to maintain a healthy and normal growth. For that reason, its very essential that a child gets to have a healthy packed lunch with healthy snacks. Additionally, its also recommended that the school should also advise children to drink a lot of fluids and water as this will prevent the children from being dehydrated. Therefore it is recommended that the schools tell children to have healthy packed lunched with healthy snacks as this will help to minimise the negative influences. Advise children to take part in P.E The schools should advise children to take part in Physical exercise as this will benefit the children the fact that physical exercise will help them to control their weight, strengthen their bones and muscles, improve their mental health and mood as well reduce the risk of the children getting health problems such as overweight. For that reason, its recommended that the schools should always advise children to take part in P.E. TASK 3 P4 Use a table to summarise your one week quantitative analysis. DAY BREAKFAST LUNCH EVENING MEALS SNACKS ACTIVITY MONDAY Medium Banana (105cal) Potato Chips(487cal) chicken(431cal) 2 pieces 1 glass of water Rice(216cal) Beef(164cal) 1glass of water 100g bar Cadburys diary milk chocolate (520kcal) 1hr at the gym TUESDAY None Potato Chips(487cal) chicken(431cal) 2 pieces Spaghetti (220cal) 1 glass of water Cheese puffs twists (122kcal) A bar of snicker(319kcal) None WEDNESDAY Cornflakes (100kcal) 1 glass of water Lasagna(124cal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Rice(216cal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Banana chips (147kcal) 1 packet of walker crisp (187kcal) Cycle for 30mins THURSDAY None Spaghetti(220cal) 2 glasses of water Rice(216cal) chicken(431cal) 2 pieces 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Kellogg cereal bar (370kcal) None FRIDAY None Shrimp(206cal), rice(216cal) 2 glasses of water Lasagna(124cal) Peas carrots (97kcal) 2 glass of water 100g bar Cadburys diary milk chocolate (520kcal) 1 packet of walker crisp (187kcal) None SATURDAY Medium Banana (105cal) 1 glass of water Fish(210cal) potato chips(487cal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Lasagna(124cal) broccoli(35kcal) A glass of orange juice(88cal) Cheese puffs twists (122kcal) A twin bar of Twix(284kcal) Walk to the park for 15mins SUNDAY Weetabix (213cal) 1 glass of water Salmon(280cal) Rice(216cal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Rice(216cal) Beef(164cal) A glass of orange juice(88kcal) A twin bar of Twix(284kcal) 1 packet of walker crisp (187kcal) None P5 Prepare a one week plan to improve the nutritional health of the chosen individual in P4. This information can be presented in the form of a table. DAY BREAKFAST LUNCH EVENING MEALS SNACKS ACTIVITY MONDAY Medium Banana (105kcal) 2 glasses of water Potato Chips(487kcal), broccoli(35kcal) chicken(431kcal) 2 pieces 1 glass of water 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Rice(216kcal) Beef(164kcal) Peas carrots (97kcal) 2 glass of water Low fat Yogurt 100gms (112kcal) 1 bar of Dark chocolate (100kcal) 1hour at gym TUESDAY Apple juice 1 glass(117kcal) granny smith apple(45kcal) 2 glasses of water Potato Chips(487kcal) chicken(431cal) 2 pieces 2 glass of water Spaghetti (220kcal) coleslaw(79kcal) corn on cob(140kcal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) 1 packet of walker crisp (187kcal) Walk for 10mins WEDNESDAY Cornflakes (100kcal) Apple juice 1 glass(117kcal) 2 glasses of water Lasagna(124cal) Beef(164kcal) 1 serving of coleslaw(79kcal) Peas carrots (97kcal) A glass of orange juice(88cal) Salmon(280kcal) Rice(216kcal) broccoli(35kcal) corn on cob(140kcal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Banana chips (147kcal) Low fat Yogurt 100gms (112kcal) 2hrs at gym THURSDAY Weetabix (213cal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) 2 glasses of water Spaghetti(220cal) 1 serving of coleslaw(79kcal) Cream cheese(137kcal) A glass of orange juice(88kcal) Rice(216kcal) chicken(431kcal) 2 pieces A glass of orange juice(88kcal) 1 apple and 1 pear (125kcal) Low fat Yogurt 100gms (112kcal) Walk to the dog park for 30mins FRIDAY Weetabix (213cal) 2 glasses of water Shrimp(206kcal), rice(216kcal), broccoli(35kcal) corn on cob(140kcal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Lasagna(124kcal) fried noodles (43kcal) cauliflower (23kcal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Avocado on toast 1 slice of bread(220kcal) Cycle for 30mins SATURDAY Medium Banana (105cal) 2 glasses of water Fish(210kcal), potato chips(487kcal) broccoli(35kcal) Apple juice 1 glass(117cal) Lasagna(124cal) Peas carrots (97kcal) 1 serving of coleslaw(79kcal) corn on cob(140kcal) Cheese puffs twists (122kcal) A twin bar of Twix(284kcal) Walk the dog to the park for 30mins SUNDAY Weetabix (213kcal) 2 glasses of water Salmon(280kcal) Rice(216kcal) cauliflower (23kcal) broccoli(35kcal) A glass of orange juice(88kcal) Rice(216kcal) Beef(164kcal) Peas carrots (97kcal) Apple juice 1 glass(117cal) 50g(1.8oz) reduced fat hummus with veggie sticks(125kcal) A teaspoon each of pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds and raisins(240kcal) 2hrs at gym M3 Assess how the plan devised in P5 will meet the nutritional needs of the individual. The one week plan that I devised in P5 will help meet the nutritional needs of the individual the fact that, when I made another plan in P5 so that I could improve the nutritional content of the individual, I tried to make sure that at least I meant the daily calories that a person should have. Moreover, with the person not eating proper food or missing out meals, this will lead to reduced levels of blood sugar. For that reason, with the person having low levels of blood sugar, its most likely that this person will faint. Withal, the plan devised in P5 will help meet the nutritional needs of the individual as I had to make sure that in the plan, the person will have to have breakfast every day as this will affect this person physically. Thus, with the person taking breakfast every morning, she will be active and also be will have enough energy to carry out the tasks at work. Therefore, a person taking breakfast every morning is very crucial. Additionally, the plan I devised in P5, will definitely help the nutritional needs of the individual the fact that every meal that this person will be having, is rich in nutrients. For example, when it comes to lunch time and evening meals the person gets to have vegetables with her meals thus vegetables are rich in vitamins and minerals. Therefore, with the person taking vegetables that are rich in vitamins and minerals, this will affect this persons health physically as the vitamins and minerals they help to regulate the processes such as cell growth and repair, reproduction and digestion as well as control the body fluids that come in and out of the cells of this individual. Furthermore, the plan that I devised in P5, will also help the nutritional needs of the individual in spite of the fact that this person will now have to do some activity such as going to the gym, walk to the park and also do some cycling. As a result, this will affect this persons health that she will not be at the risk of getting healthy problems such as becoming overweight or obese. In addition, with the person also doing some activities such as going to the gym, this person will be able to burn off some of the calories, in case if this individuals calories were more than what she should have. Moreover, the plan that I devised in P5 will also help the nutritional needs of the individual the fact that this person will be drinking more water regularly. Hence, with the person drinking water every day its very vital as water makes up 70% of the human body and also it will prevent a person from being dehydrated. Additionally, with the person also drinking water, the water will help to transport oxygen and nutrients through the blood and water is a major component of every body cell, tissue and organ. Lastly, the plan that I devised in P5 will also help the nutritional needs of the individual as I had to make sure that this person at least this person gets to have some healthy snacks. Withal, the person having healthy snacks this will affect the persons health physically as the healthy snacks help to keep the energy levels up and also they help to keep an individual full throughout the day without overeating at meals. Furthermore, with the person having healthy snacks such as apples and bananas, these are rich in vitamin C hence; these fruits are important for the immune system, teeth and wound healing. D2 Evaluate how the nutritional plan might improve the health of the chosen individual in P4 and P5. When it comes to the nutritional plan I did in P4 and P5, this might help to improve the health of the chosen individual the fact that I tried to make sure that in both the plans I did in P4 and P5, this person did physical activity. Thus with the person doing activity, this will benefit this persons health physically as he/ she will be at less risk of getting any healthy problems. However, when it comes to the plan I did in P4, the person did less physical activity and this will be less effective to this individuals health as he/she will be at risk of getting health problems. On the other hand, when it came to the plan I did in P5 where I had to improve the plan from the one I done in P4, I made sure that this individual attended the gym more regularly, did some cycling and also walked the dog to the park. As a result, with this individual doing these different activities, this will be affect his/her health physically as it will help him/her to control his/her weight, strengthen her bones and muscles, improve her mental health and mood as well reduce the risk of her getting health problems such as becoming overweight, getting diabetes or cardiovascular disease. The nutritional plan that I did in P4, it will also help to improve the individuals health the fact that I tried to make sure that a person had water and other fluids such as apple and orange juice. However, in P5 I had to make sure that had to improve the plan had made in P4 because the person never had more fluids regularly. For that reason, with a person having less fluids in his diet this will affect this individuals health physically as theres a high possibility this individual will be more likely to be dehydrated and also become constipated. Therefore, it is very crucial that a person take fluids more regularly the fact these fluids are rich in minerals as well as vitamins. Moreover, with the person drinking water its very important as water makes up 70% of the human body and also it will prevent a person from being dehydrated. Hence, the water also helps to transport oxygen and nutrients through the blood. Withal, the nutritional plan of P4 and P5 will help to improve the health of an individual as its recommended that a person needs to drink water. As a result, in both my nutritional plans had to make sure that this person had 2litres of water but I never met the daily intake of the water that is meant to be taken by an individual the fact that in both my plans it was less than 2litres of water. When it comes to the nutritional plan that I did in P4, I mad

Study On Faith Seeking Understanding Theology

Study On Faith Seeking Understanding Theology Daniel L. Migliore in the book he authored, the 2nd edition of Faith Seeking Understanding: An Introduction to Christian Theology, made an effort to strengthen the fullness of Trinitarian faith and its relational understanding of God, creation, reconciliation, and consummation. It is an expanded and updated version to the earlier edition which presents a foreword to Christian Theology that is both critically respectful of the classical theological tradition and critically open to the new voices and emphases of recent theology. As an introduction to Christian Theology, Faith Seeking Understanding contains fundamentally theological themes which are catholic in nature and critical of the beliefs and way of living of the faith community. Its basic coverage makes it suitable to first readers in theology and its criticism from the liberal theologians point of view recommends reflection to renew and rethink the beliefs and practices of traditionalists or of those who observe the beliefs and practices they had but have totally forgotten the core message of what they believe and practice. In line with the spirit of optimism, humility of heart and open-mindedness, the criticisms employed, having their respective criterion, entails a challenge to rediscover the journey of faith. Upon reviewing it, one was reminded that a believer in the true sense is a learner who constantly looks for the truth and searches for the way. As the impetus of various theological movements became obvious, the first edition of the Faith Seeking Understanding was born in the immediate context of the mainline Protestant church in North America. The authors reflections on the inseparability of faith and practice were formed in a small Presbyterian congregation in Pennsylvania. Unsatisfied with its inadequacy in the present human situation of widespread anxiety and insecurity, Migliore brought to existence these updated and expanded edition. This was done to respond to the need of the church especially in times of crisis where clarity of conviction and purpose is certainly necessary in this time of uncertainty. In order to obtain a better understanding of the values it points, one needs to notice where the author with his reflections is coming from. Three methods were utilized and influenced its contents in one way or another. First, theology was presented in a way that highlighted the Word of God posing questions to man. Second, theological questions were formulated by an analysis of the human situation in a given period as seen in its philosophy, literature, art, science, and social institutions. Lastly, praxis approach of liberation theology is apparent. Faith Seeking Understanding discusses the importance and purpose of the pursuit of faith for understanding. Here and now, faith sees only dimly and the questions of faith abound. There are events that will challenge our beliefs and practices which may, at the same time, open us up to a praxis that may overcome evil and suffering, violence and ambiguity. Faith seeks understanding not for the sake of obtaining knowledge but seeks wisdom that will illumine life and practice of Christian virtues. It is not speculative knowledge! Quoting various philosophers, theory without practice is empty, practice without theory is blind. When faith is rethought and understanding of it is sought, its purpose and meaning gains clarity. The author provides sources from which believers may claim to have knowledge of God in relation to human condition. It does not confirm what we already know about Him rather utterly surprises and disturbs a believer. God reveals himself but remains hidden. As Tersteegen states, A God comprehended is no God. Understanding of faith does not mean to know all the known and the unknown but the application of what was understood in service of God and his creation. Although man cant fully understand God or faith, the seeking is not a waste but leads one to become a better person with better understanding and better witnessing with an open mind and a humble heart. The Triune God revealed and celebrated in Jesus Christ by the power of the Holy Spirit attested by the Sacred Scripture viewed through the eyes of those who are suffering and weak connects the main points. It tells the reader that the understanding of God is always an initiative of God! Mans is a response. The tradition of faith is interpreted from its center, in Jesus Christ, allowing Him to become a transforming power in human life. Faith seeks development not in theory but through personal encounter and witnessing of God sought through faith. This lays down the liberating love that creates a new community. In this time of crisis, in a world characterized by violence, nuclear threats, ecological crisis, spiritual confusion and what not, a right understanding of the confession of faith in God the Creator is perhaps more important today than ever before. A Christian faith that seeks understanding clearly emboldens, sharpens and makes patent its identity respecting the character of other religions. Understanding may be achieved through attentive and trustful reading and hearing of the witness of scripture in company with other members of the people of God. Faith Seeking Understanding truly captured its purpose of reexamining faith in order to appreciate it fully and become an active and responsible believer who consciously recognize our identity as we freely respond in faith and in joyful hope of discovering the truth of what was handed to us and what was hidden from us. This will help us posses a new perspective and a new criterion of understanding. There is so much to discover in faith thus the use of intelligence is essential to avoid reducing faith into a euphoric feeling. There is lot of things to learn about the Triune God thus we are in need to intensify our witnessing of charity. As Pope Benedict XVI states in his Apostolic Letter Porta Fidei, Faith is choosing to stand with the Lord so as to live with him, this standing with Him points towards and understanding of the reasons for believing. Faiths real prize is not realized until its worth is examined. Faith Seeking Understanding by Daniel L. Migliore proves to be a timely response to the signs of the time as the world encounters crisis of ambiguity and precariousness. The honesty of the author is to be commended for there is no pretension as he acknowledges that some topics remain broken and incomplete. However, it is also just to subject the criticism of the author into criticism for he is also doomed to human condition. In addition, Catholic readers should remember the background of the author to reconsider the apparent biases towards Catholicism.

No Universal Definition of Human Rights Essay -- Argumentative Persuas

In the minds of many people human rights are defined as a set of governmental Do’s and Don’ts that protect people from their governments in terms of the freedom of speech, assembly, etc. without infringement. Of course, most people would agree that these are fundamental rights and deserve to be upheld, however many feel that there are a set of universal human rights that can be used to secure the freedom of all people around the world. One such document, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights written by the United Nations, claims to be the â€Å"common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations†. While I agree with most of the points made in the declaration, I simply do not believe that the human race is homogenous enough for a single piece of paper to encompass human rights issues for all cultures and types of people, and I find this very assumption to be problematic. I believe that human rights are relative to every culture and/or nation, and should be left to the people to decide. I think that on the issue of human rights, people will not go wrong if they are allowed a fair forum for voicing their opinions and an equal manner in making decisions. Cruel and unusual punishment from a Western point-of-view may be an African tribe using neck braces to elongate the necks of women, whereas others may think the same of the death penalty in use in the United States. My personal experience of moving from Iran to the United States and witnessing many different atrocities in both cultures has led me to this view. For instance, in Iran there is no freedom of speech or assembly and any resistance to the government is smashed by imprisonment or oftentimes death. This is clearly a violation of human rights by most people, and if... ...ny the ownership of private land, and many people in those countries are happy with that. Many of these people believe that private ownership is the basis for inequality in a society. They would not consider lack of private property a human rights violation. Again, the Universal Declaration is attempting to umbrella all nations and people while in reality contradicting itself. Overall, from my own experiences I have come to the personal conclusion that it is impossible to create a doctrine that addresses human rights for every culture and nation in the world. In my opinion, human rights are a set of rights determined by people of individual nations or cultures for the purpose of living best in society. These rights cannot be pre-determined nor can they be forced upon people in the form of a list, such as is attempted by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

William Gibson’s Neuromancer Fits the Definition of Cyberpunk :: Neuromancer

William Gibson’s Neuromancer Fits the Definition of Cyberpunk         What is cyberpunk? What criteria must be entailed to fall into this category? In hopes of coming to an understandable definition   this elusive category of cyberpunk I turned to the article â€Å"Storming the Reality Studio: A Casebook of Cyberpunk and Postmodern Science Fiction - Preface from Mirrorshades†, to illustrate how Neuromancer follows the cyberpunk category. The first part of the definition is the â€Å"certain central themes [that] come up repeatedly in cyberpunk. The theme of body invasion: prosthetic limbs, implanted circuitry, cosmetic surgery, genetic alteration. The even more powerful theme of mind invasion: brain - computer interfaces, artificial intelligence, neurochemistry - techniques radically redefining the nature of humanity, the nature of self† (346). Another aspect of cyberpunk that sets it apart from science-fiction is that â€Å"cyberpunk is widely known for its telling use of detail, its carefully constructed intricacy, its willingnes s to carry extrapolation into the fabric of daily life† (348). Lastly, to complete this definition is the use of â€Å"[m]any drugs, like rock and roll, are definite high-tech products† (346).   William Gibson’s Neuromancer fits this definition of cyberpunk because, there is extensive use of the theme of   body invasion, he uses explicit detail in the extrapolation of the matrix, and there is an important usage of drugs and music in the novel.   In the beginning of Neuromancer when Molly first enters into the story one of the first description he uses is her mirrorshades, â€Å" the glasses were surgically inset, sealing her sockets† (24).   The use of these glasses are an issue all the way to the end of the story when he realizes that, â€Å"I never even found out what color her eyes were† (268). I think that this is an important element in the story, because Molly is a very elusive character. The mere fact that her eyes remain hidden from virtually everyone signifies that she remains unattached and aloof. If the eyes are the doorway to your soul, then Molly was keeping the door shut. Maybe, this was to protect her from becoming too attached to anyone. In the article â€Å"Preface form Mirrorshades†, it is stated â€Å"[b]y hiding the eyes, mirrorshades prevent the forces of normalcy from realizing that one is crazed and possibly dangerous† (344). If that was the reason that Molly’s eyes were covered then it possibly was more of a way for her to fit the character of the bodyguard, and tough girl.

The 3 Models of Criminal Justice

Compare the three models of the criminal justice process (the Wedding Cake, the Funnel and the Net Models) The criminal justice process is very complex process and varies from state to state. Three models of the criminal justice process as discussed and reviewed in chapter 9 of out textbook are the funnel, wedding and net. (Meyer, Grant 2003) In this essay I will compare these three models of the criminal justice process and give my opinion on which model I think best describes the criminal justice system as it is today.I will also give you a rationale for the choice that I choose. The first model I will discuss is the funnel model. This model looks at how decisions are made at each level in the criminal justice process and sort out those people and cases that it feels should not go through the entire process from those whom it feels should. This process is used as a means of limiting the number cases to a small percentage of cases that have to be resolved by trial advocacy and incar ceration. The process limits the amount of offenders in court and incarcerated at any given time.The benefit of this model is it prevents the criminal justice system from becoming backed up. The truth is the criminal Justice system is already backed up, and crimes are increasing on a daily basis. A common misconception of the funnel process is that it â€Å"lets criminals off,† however this is not true. Most cases are often dismissed or pleas are bargained due to lack of evidence. The truth is that there is not enough money, to prosecute every crime. It is up to the State (States attorney), or The Attorney general which crimes are worth prosecuting, and which one’s need to be thrown out, or plea bargained.The Next model that I will discuss is the wedding cake model; it is referred to as a wedding cake because with this model criminal justice officials decide how to deal with cases according to their informal discretionary definition of â€Å"seriousness. † This model was developed by Samuel Walker, a scholar who analyzed the judicial system. This model divides the criminal justice system up into four different categories: celebrated cases, serious felonies, lesser felonies and misdemeanors this model looks at the seriousness of the charge, the past criminal record of the offender, as well as the relationship of the victim to the offender. At the very top of the cake, the smallest layer represents famous (or rather, infamous) cases that attract a lot of publicity and, unfortunately, often contribute to public misinformation about the criminal justice. † (Meyer, Grant 2003) Lastly I will discuss the nets model. This model allows some offenders to exit the system and go free at certain stages during the criminal justice process; whereas some criminal struggle unsuccessfully to get free and often end up further entangle in the system.This model is designed to give the police desecration to use some criminals as informants to assist them in catching the ring leader. This model is also used as a plea bargaining tool whereas defendants with little information to trade with the prosecutor may get less attractive plea deals than their accomplices in crime that have more knowledge with which to bargain ((Meyer, Grant 2003). This model has become more familiar to me as I was growing up, in Chicago, IL. I knew several guys who would go out and commit crimes together, and brag about it.They would eventually get caught, and end up telling on each other to get lesser time. They also tell about other crimes, to save their skins. I guess it’s a great model to use to get the big guy, or big fish, but I do not agree to turn a blind eye to crime, whether it’s small or big. In my opinion the model I think best describes today’s criminal justice system is the wedding cake model. Much like this model in today’s criminal justice system is broken down into layers. With the first being celebrated cases or cas e that receive much media attention.Than in today’s system we look serious felonies these are cases where bail maybe revoked. The third layer of the cake in this model is lesser felonies’ often in these cases pleas are taken. The final layer is misdemeanor cases. This model gives us a basic understanding of cases is categorized today. Reference The Wedding Cake Model Theory of Criminal Justice; Copyright  © 1999-2011Demand Media, Inc. ; By. Mike Broemmel; retrieved fromwww. howe. com The Courts in Our CriminalJustice System, by Jon’a F. Meyer and Diana R. Grant.Published by Prentice-Hall. Copyright  © 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc Reference the Wedding Cake Model Theory of Criminal Justice; Copyright  © 1999-2011Demand Media, Inc. ; By. Mike Broemmel; retrieved fromwww. howe. comThe Courts in Our Criminal Justice System, by Jon’a F. Meyer and Diana R. Grant. Published by Prentice-Hall. Copyright  © 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. The Courts in Ou r Criminal Justice System, by Jon’s F. Meyer and Diana R. Grant. Published by Prentice-Hall. Copyright  © 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Majestica Hotel in Shanghai?

Majestica was founded in Western Europe and focused exclusively on Europe and the United States initially, the expansion into China had been on management’s agenda since 1999, the opportunity emerged in late 2003, Majestica’s proposal to operate the luxury hotel satisfied CPS’s ambition to build a pre-eminent hotel in Shanghai, but there are 5 issues between Majestica and CPS. First, the length of contract term, Majestica asked for a contract term of 55 years, it was based in its typical management contract term in the world, CPS just had been prepared to offer 12 years, it based on the level of licensing in China. After consideration, CPS made a concession, CPS countered with an offer of 30 years, but Majestica insisted that the hotel management contract term should be at least 50 years. Second, pre-opening assistance, CPS couldn’t accept Majestica’s request for retaining the approval right over all design aspects relating to the hotel, Majestica argued that it was make sure that the hotel would be developed as an excellent hotel. Third, name of the hotel, CPS suggested that the hotel be named â€Å"Shanghai Oceania – Majestica Hotel†, but Majestica insisted â€Å"Majestica Hotel, Shanghai†. Fourth, the form of the hotel should be defined well. The purpose for CPS, they require the owner should have the privileges that have the special access to the hotel and the office use as a hotel room, but Majestica thinks it would make confusion for the hotel management. Majestica really sticks to its philosophy of the hotel management. Fifth, the sovereignty of Corporate Governance, CPS proposed Chinese general manager would be used in the near future, the number of the expatriate managers should be reduce and local managers trained to replace them, and the equipment purchase in domestic also, but Majestica believes that the competence of the general manager was more important issue than their Chinese background, did not believe the local people would have the ability to achieve the service culture. Besides, Majestica insisted that it must have the exclusive responsibility and authority on hiring general staffing and buying facilities, the owner have not any privileges, also a minority equity position. The management contract is complicated between the owner and the technical supplier, so, inevitably, Majestica and CPS must have to communicate a great deal of times. In these negotiations, if we were Majestica. We would make concessions in appropriate range. As a later entrant and in the new emerging market-China, it must have to be inferior and sacrifice a lot to enter the market and impress customers, especially the communist policy in China and the trade partner-CPS. We will afraid that the extra demand and requirement to CPS will provoke the government negative feelings no matter municipal or the China government. If did that, it must be the most difficult to gain the access to this potential market, even though the contract is so disadvantageous to us. Technically, the attributes of Majestica can’t be doubted. We will insist the professional to maintain and develop our quality. Like the 30 length of contract to prevent the leasing of our tips and exclusive technique of the management; the equipments in hotel could let them make decisions on several items, but the special items should keep to stay the style and the luxury level; the staffing would be trained, capable and selected as a fixed rate between foreigner and local people; we could make the concession on the general manager and the owner’s access to hotel rooms, but it depends on the general manager ability not the nationality and try the best not to influence the management; we will also try our best to be nice and friendly in negotiation and arbitration place. Last but not the least, the name to get into the new market is vital, so we will stick our opinion and not to change . On the other hand, if Majestica refuses to make concessions, what the action will we take as CPS? We won’t walk away emotionally because the Chinese market is opening to the whole world now; it is a good opportunity for CPS to get some more experiences with big company such as Majestica. To make up this business connection, it is not only benefiting for these years, but also help them to find out what kind of position they can be fitted in. In another way to talk about it, the hardest part of this situation is both of them have different operating philosophy. We can say there is not only one way to lead success, however doing the right thing, giving the customers what they expect will always be the same rules for no doubt. Actually, CPS should pay more efforts to understand why Majestica can get on the top place in this industry. And then, they would know why Majestica asks for so many requests. Only if CPS and Majestica get the complete information which both of them should know, they can start to discuss about making concessions. Otherwise, it could be a chemistry situation without any reaction as no one takes in other’s shoes. The brand-new market, the brand-maintaining firm with principles and strong philosophy of managing, the huge investor as the owner of the hotel with nationalist and hoping to do best in china market with low cost, each of them weave a complex and profound issue which deserves us to debate deeply. It is crucial to think about that how to gain into the new market as a later entrant; how to maintain the quality and philosophy against the investor with demands.